Marxism
Marxism is a socio-economic and political theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the mid-19th century. It analyzes the historical effects of capitalism on labor, productivity, and economic development, arguing that a worker revolution is necessary to replace capitalism with a communist system.45 At its core, Marxism posits that class struggle, specifically between the bourgeoisie (capitalists) and the proletariat (workers), defines economic relations in a capitalist economy and will inevitably lead to a communist revolution.